본 연구는 저항운동의 경우 부하 증가에 따라 근손상 및 염증에 영향을 미칠 수 있다고 생각되며, 과학적인 운동강도의 제공을 위해 하지 운동시 부하 증가(1RM 50%, 70%, 90%)가 근손상(CPK, LDH) 및 염증지표(CRP, WBC)에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 20대 보디빌딩 비전공 남자 42명을 대상으로 하였으며, 연구의 개요와 목적, 절차를 설명하고 동의한 사람들을 대상으로 스미스 스쿼트를 실시하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. CPK 변화에서 운동 직후와 휴식24에서 70%RM 그룹보다 90%RM 그룹에서 CPK가 높게 나타났으며, 90%RM 그룹에서 안정시보다 운동직후, 회복24에서 CPK가 높게 나타났다. LDH 변화에서 운동 직후 50%RM 그룹보다 90%RM 그룹이 LDH가 높게 나타났다. 모든 그룹에서 운동직후보다 회복24에 LDH가 낮게 나타났으며, 70%RM, 90%RM그룹에서 안정시보다 운동직후 LDH가 높게 나타났다. CRP 변화에서 운동 직후 50%RM 그룹보다 90%RM 그룹에서 CRP가 높게 나타났다. 50%RM 그룹에서 안정시보다 회복24에 CRP가 낮게 나타났으며, 90%RM그룹에서는 안정시보다 운동 직후 CRP가 높게 나타났고, 운동직후보다 회복24에 유의하게 낮게 나타났다. WBC 변화에서 운동 직후에 50%RM 그룹과 70%RM 그룹보다 90%RM 그룹에서 WBC가 높게 나타났다. 모든 그룹에서 안정시보다 운동직후 WBC가 높게 나타났으며, 운동직후보다 회복24에서 WBC가 낮게 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 통해 하지 운동시 고강도의 부하증가에 따라 근 손상지표와 염증지표가 높게 나타났다. 초보자들이나 저항운동을 처음 접하는 사람들이 자신의 체력보다 강한 무게의 저항운동을 실시할 경우 근육파열, 근육경련, 건 염 등 통증에 시달리게 되어 저항운동의 부정적인 영향을 가지게 된다. 저항운동의 부정적인 영향을 최소화 시킬 수 있는 효과적인 운동방법과 운동부하는 저강도의 저항운동의 최대반복횟수가 과학적인 운동방법의 중요요소라고 생각되며 저항운동의 목적에 따라 자신 맞는 운동처방의 근거자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.
This study examined the effects of load increase(1RM 50%, 70%, 90%) on muscular damage(CPK, LDH) and inflammatory indicators(CRP, WBC) during the lower extremity resistance exercise. The subgects were composed of 42 men in their 20´s who did not major in bodybuilding exercise and were provided with an overview, purpose and procedure in research. Subsequently, Smith squat was performed among the subjects who gave consent. The following conclusions were drawn. CPK was found to be higher in 90%RM group than in 70%RM right after exercise and during the rest 24, regarding the changes in CPK. In the 90%RM group, CPK was higher right after exercise and during restoration 24 than during the relaxation time. Regarding the changes in LDH, LDH were higher in 90%RM group than in 50%RM right after exercise. LDH was found lower in all groups during restoration 24 than right after exercise. LDH was found to be higher in 70%RM and 90%RM groups right after exercise than during the relaxation. CRP was found to be higher in 90%RM group than in 50%RM right after exercise, regarding the changes in CPK. In the 50%RM group, CRP was found to be lower during restoration 24 than during the relaxation time. In the 90%RM group, CRP was higher right after exercise than during relaxation time, and was found to be significantly lower during restoration 24. Regarding the changes in WBC, the WBC was found to be higher in 90%RM group than in 50%RM group and 70%RM group right after exercise. WBC was found to be higher in all groups right after exercise than during relaxation time. Moreover, WBC was found to be lower during restoration 24 than right after exercise. Based on aforesaid results, it was found that the muscular damage indicator and inflammatory indicator were high as the high intensity load increased during the lower extremity resistance exercise. Beginners or those who tried resistance exercise for the first time may experience negative effects of resistance exercise as they are likely to suffer from pains, such as muscular rupture, muscular cramps, tendinitis, inflammation, etc., as a result of resistance exercise that involved the use of load beyond their physical limits. Therefore, effective exercise and exercise load that can minimize negative effects of resistance exercise may be elements of scientific exercise method in terms of maximum repetition numbers of low load resistance exercise and can be used as basis for the prescription of suitable exercise, depending on the purpose of resistance exercise.